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Polemon Eupator
Polemon Eupator〔Temporini, ''Politische Geschichte (Provinzen Und Randv Lker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien): Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien)'', p.929〕 ((ギリシア語: Πολέμων Εύπάτωρ)〔Temporini, ''Politische Geschichte (Provinzen Und Randv Lker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien): Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien)'', p.929〕 his epithet ''Eupator'' means in Greek "born of a noble father") was a Prince from Anatolia who lived in the Roman Empire in the 1st century.
Polemon was a monarch of Greek, Roman, Assyrian, Armenian and Median ancestry. He was the elder son born to the Roman Client ruling Monarchs Polemon II of Pontus and Julia Mamaea, and his brother was Rheometalces.〔On the Polemonid dynasty - see R.D. Sullivan, “Dynasts in Pontus”, ANRW 7.2 (1980), p.p. 925-930. For the intermarriages between the Polemonids and other dynasties of East Asia Minor, see R.D. Sullivan, “Papyri reflecting the Eastern Dynastic Network”, ANRW 2.8 (1977), p. 919〕〔Temporini, ''Politische Geschichte (Provinzen Und Randv Lker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien): Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien)'', p.929〕 His father was the second son among the three children born to the late Roman Client Monarchs Polemon I of Pontus, also known as Polemon Pythodoros〔(Ptolemaic Genealogy: Cleopatra VII – Footnote 42 )〕 and Pythodorida of Pontus.〔(Polemon I & Polemon II articles at ancient library )〕 His mother was the second daughter born among four children to the late Roman Client Monarchs Sampsiceramus II and Iotapa of Emesa Syria.〔Levick, ''Julia Domna: Syrian Empress'', p.xx〕
The full name of Polemon is unknown as his known name is known from inscriptional evidence.〔Temporini, ''Politische Geschichte (Provinzen Und Randv Lker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien): Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien)'', p.929〕 Polemon is known from a restored surviving inscription from Amphipolis Greece,〔Temporini, ''Politische Geschichte (Provinzen Und Randv Lker: Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien): Griechischer Balkanraum; Kleinasien)'', p.929〕 that is commemorating Polemon II, Polemon and Rheometalces which is dated from the second half of the 1st century. Perhaps his full name was ''Marcus Antonius Polemon Zenon Pythodoros Eupator''. He inherited his first name ''Polemon'' from his father and paternal grandfather. The honorific epithet ''Eupator'', he also inherited from them which is known from surviving numismatic and inscriptional evidence of Polemon I and Polemon II. The epithet ''Eupator'', is also shared by his various maternal relations: Ptolemaic Prince Ptolemy Eupator, Seleucid King Antiochus V Eupator, King Mithridates VI of Pontus and the Bosporan King Tiberius Julius Eupator.
Polemon was born at an unknown date perhaps after the early 50s til the early 60s. He was raised in his parent’s realm of Pontus, Colchis and Cilicia,〔(Polemon I & Polemon II articles at ancient library )〕 and little is known of his life. In 62, the Roman emperor Nero induced Polemon II to abdicate the Pontian throne, and Pontus, including Colchis, became a Roman province. From then until his death, Polemon II only ruled Cilicia. When Polemon II died in 74, neither Polemon Eupator nor Rhoemetalces succeeded their father to the Kingship of Cilicia, as Cilicia became a Roman province.
==References==
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